Create privacy in your backyard
No backyard is complete without a hedge. They offer many benefits such as privacy and security. Hedges can also be used to create designated areas in your garden called garden zones. Even better, they act as a haven for wildlife, a noise barrier, and create a quieter home and garden. Edible hedges offer these great benefits while also providing plenty of produce. This is especially useful for small gardens that don't have space for a full-sized vegetable patch. There is a large selection of edible hedges to suit different climates and garden designs. Whether you choose an edible hedge or a hedge, you won't regret adding them to your space.
1. Pomegranate
Pomegranates are ancient, Middle Eastern natives that have gained popularity in recent years. They produce bright orange-red fruits in the right climate. These fruits are not only delicious but also rich in history. Many ancient cultures used them for various ailments and diseases. Pomegranates form eye-catching hedges with bright green leaves branching from distinctive trunks. Their branches are filled with suckers, eventually forming a seemingly impenetrable, dense hedge. The branches are lined with thorns, which form a large protective fence on the boundary walls.
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2. Blueberries
Berries are usually the first thing that comes to mind when thinking of edible hedges, and blueberries are first on the list. With their easy nature and delicious berries, it's easy to understand why they're one of the most popular berries. Most blueberry bushes grow to about six feet tall, but some varieties grow even taller. Their sheer height makes blueberries the perfect screening hedge. Their simple, oval-shaped leaves are traditional hedge foliage, allowing them to easily blend into your landscape. Although blueberries are low maintenance, they need full sun to reach their lofty heights and produce a fruitful harvest. Blueberries also have very specific soil requirements: well-draining, organically rich soil with a low pH between 4.5 and 5.5. Blueberries thrive in USDA zones 3 - 9.
As long as their needs are met, your blueberry bush will reward you with big harvests every year. Blueberries make wonderful additions to many dishes and snacks, such as salads, shortcakes, and yogurt.
3. Elder
Although elderberries are not as popular as blueberries, their easy nature and density make them a good contender. They provide interest through many seasons, with beautiful cream flowers emerging in late spring and berries appearing in late summer and early fall. Elderberry hedges reward minimal maintenance with a bountiful harvest each fall. Elderberries also sport small, elegant baby pink flowers that attract countless pollinators and other wildlife to your garden.
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4. Rosemary
Rosemary is a staple in an herb garden, but many people don't realize that this Mediterranean native can make a wonderful hedge. Some upright varieties, such as 'Tuscan Blue' and 'Lady in White', make better hedges than others. These varieties grow anywhere from 6 feet tall and 2 to 3 feet wide. Rosemary bushes are very dense and make excellent privacy screen hedges. They also act as a decent windbreaker, instead blasting you with a pleasant aroma. Rosemary sprigs are extremely versatile in the kitchen, making a unique and highly effective edible hedge. Rosemary is an evergreen perennial that can easily live for years with little concern. However, it can be affected by powdery mildew. This common fungal disease thrives due to high humidity and poor air circulation. To prevent this, make sure there is enough space between plants and avoid watering the leaves.
5. Hazelnut
Hazelnut is the perfect edible hedge. They don't mind neglect and thrive in most situations. There are many types of hazelnut to choose from, but the American hazelnut (Corylus americana) is incredibly easy to grow.
Hazelnut plants are dense shrubs that grow to about 10 feet tall, easily becoming a screen for privacy and security. Some varieties and members of the hazelnut family grow taller than the American hazelnut. Hazelnut hedges don't have many drawbacks - they are disease resistant, cold hardy, and will continue to thrive with little care. American hazelnuts also self-pollinate, so you only need one variety for a fruitful harvest. However, their rapid growth means they will need a lot of pruning to achieve the desired hedge shape.
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6. Chestnut
Like the hazelnut, the chestnut provides a wonderful hedge, both ornamental and edible. There are many varieties of chestnut, although the sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa) is the most common hedging chestnut tree. Sweet chestnuts are native to the Mediterranean. Given time, chestnut trees can reach great heights. It takes decades, so you don't have to worry too much about having a 100-foot-tall hedge. It responds well to pruning, making it an excellent edible hedge option. Sweet chestnut has beautiful, large leaves that form a dense barrier to privacy.
Unfortunately, they make a mess in the garden. Once their tasty nuts are ripe, the shriveled capsules open and drop to the ground. Therefore, the nuts should be collected from the ground at harvest time. Be careful - the purse is sharp.
7. Quince
Fruiting quince makes a wonderful addition to your garden, especially as an edible hedge. Its yellow fruit is delicious, a cross between an apple and a pear. The quince makes a stunning display throughout the spring when its beautiful flowers are on full display. There are two types of quince, the fruiting quince (Sidonia oblonga) and the Japanese quince (Chaenomeles species). Japanese quince is often grown as an ornamental, but it does produce fruit, although it is smaller and sourer.
Quinces make wonderful screening hedges with their dense foliage. They grow anywhere from 5 to 10 feet wide and tall. Quince responds well to pruning, especially if done in winter.
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8. Wild pear
Wild pear trees are considered short trees, making them an excellent candidate for an edible hedge. It's a beautiful tree, with stunning white flowers that steal the show every spring. It is also a feature in autumn when the glossy green leaves turn golden or orange. Wild pear tree branches and twigs are lined with thorns, creating an impenetrable barrier for added protection. They are determined to keep intruders out, be they humans or insects. Like most flowering plants, it attracts aphids, spider mites, and whitefly, all of which are easily managed. Natural horticultural oils are a great deterrent, but keep in mind that they can deter beneficial insects that inhabit your garden. Wild pears are hardy in USDA zones 4 - 9. The best place to plant your wild pear hedge is in the sun, as it needs at least six hours of sunlight a day. Wild persimmons have moderate water needs once established, but young trees need frequent watering.
Raw wild dates are tough and acidic and generally unpalatable, but once cooked or dried, they are very versatile. In this form, they are often used in cakes, and when marinated, they 'pear' after 'pear' with meat.
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