Tomato Cultivation Tips and pest control

 Tomato Cultivation ideas 

Tomatoes were used in the diet of indigenous peoples of Mexico. From there it spread to the Americas and Europe by the Spaniards. History that India got it through Europeans. Tomatoes can be grown year-round. Heat is essential for cultivation. It is difficult to cultivate in cold regions. Alluvial soil with good drainage is suitable. The color and texture of the fruit may vary depending on the sunlight. Suitable for the cultivation of Co-1,2,3, PKM1, Pusa Ruby, and Pyur varieties. It can be sown in February, March, June, July, November, and December.

Seed selection:

The seeds should be well inflated and taken from ripe fruits. Fruits need to be free from infections. Fruits available in the first harvest are ideal for seed selection. Divide the seeds into homogeneous uniformly developed. Choosing quality seeds will be conducive to quality production. Seed treatment 350-400 g of seeds per hectare is sufficient. Seed treatment with 40 Azospirillum required per hectare. The seeds thus treated are placed in 10 cm deep beds one meter wide. Sow in-row spacing and cover with sand. After plowing the land well, set up bars at 60 cm intervals and plant 25 day old seedlings on one side of the crop. Before planting, mix 2 kg of Azospyrillam and the microbial mixture with 20 kg of FYM. Irrigate first with water and then on the 3rd day with vital water and then once a week. After that, it is sufficient to pour water when needed.

Fertilizer Management:

Apply 25 tons of FYM, 75 kg N, 100 kg N, 50 kg K, 50 kg K, 10 kg borax, 50 kg Zinc Sulphate per hectare at the base. On the 30th day of loss, the soil should be turned off with 75 drops of nitrogen. At the time of flowering, spray at the rate of 1 ml / 1 liter of Tri-Cond 15 days after a seedling loss. Thus spraying can increase the yield.

Before planting ideas 

Before planting the seedlings should be sprayed with a fluchlorine, well mixed in 500 liters of water. Then water the seedlings and plant. Take a handful 30 days after a seedling loss. Breeding traps should be set at a rate of 12 per hectare to control nematode and Proteinia worm. Destroy worm-infested fruits and adult worms immediately. In one liter of water per hectare, mix 50 ml of bacillus and spray. Egg parasite Trichoderma should be applied at the rate of 50 per hectare at the time of flowering.

Pest control that attacks tomatoes naturally

Aloe vera, basil, and goat dung extract can be prepared and sprayed on the tomato plant to control all pests and diseases as well as reduce flower shedding. Tomato seeds can be soaked for 6 hours by mixing one liter of water with 20 ml of paper flower leaf extract and sowing in the nursery to prevent seedling rot. 25-30 days old seedlings should be used for planting. To reduce flower shedding, spray with neem oil. The nematode attack can be controlled by planting around the kiln ash garden to reduce flower shedding. Planting centaury around the tomato orchard will control the nematode attack. To prevent fruit borer, garlic or onion should be planted as a cover crop. Smoke in the morning and evening during flowering with benzoin can control fruit borer and aphid infestation. The effect of leaf blight can be controlled by mixing goat dung with neem paste and placing it in the field. In the morning, spray the ash on the tomato leaves and the aphid attack will be controlled. To control all pests, 11/2 kg of ash should be mixed with sand and sprayed. If the soap solution is sprayed on the leaves, the powdery mildew will glaze over the eggs.

Tomato leaf Borer

Symptoms of Tomato Leaf Borer Attack:

The leaves are pierced and white streaks appear on the leaves over the day, the leaf vat will dry out and fall off

Details of the pest

Worm: Yellow worm without legs

Larvae: Yellow larvae are found on the curves

Adult: Light yellow flies

Control method:

Pierced leaves can be collected and destroyed. Sprinkle neem extract 3 percent

The idea to destroy the tomato leaf curl 

Tomato leaf blight has been found to infect the crop in some parts of Tamil Nadu. The disease can cause up to 80 to 100 percent economic loss. Although the disease is currently found in Tamil Nadu, it is likely to spread to other districts. This will help farmers protect themselves from the onslaught of tomato disease, he said. Symptoms of the disease include stunted growth, short, slightly curved leaves, and greenish-yellow leaves and flowers. The toxin is transmitted from one plant to another by whiteflies. Therefore, whiteflies can be controlled to control this toxin. The disease can also be controlled by cultivating resistant Arca Ananya varieties and cultivating cereals around the field.

Nematode management in tomatoes

As the price of tomatoes in the market has gone up, the nematode attack on the tomato crop is causing losses to the farmers. On the management of nematode in tomato crop. Tomato is widely cultivated in all the districts of Tamil Nadu. As for the tomato crop, & nbsp; there are different stages from planting to harvesting. Although farmers are facing losses in tomato cultivation due to various factors, they are facing 30 percent yield loss due to root-knot nematode.

Plants susceptible to nematode infestation appear undeveloped. The leaves are green and brown. The apex of the leaf is downward white. The roots of the affected plant appear nodular and thick. Thus, the absorption of water and nutrients from the soil is greatly affected and the yield decreases and dries up over the day.

Management:

The crop should be plowed in summer. Instead of cultivating crops like tomato, eggplant, and betel, lentils should be cultivated in crop rotation. Leucaena - Soundal crops should be cultivated, folded, and plowed. Neem cake should be applied at the rate of 100 kg/acre in the last plowing before planting. Crop-destroying crops like Marigold and mustard should be grown at a rate of 1 to 16. Pseudomonas fluorescens (2 kg) Trichoderma Viridis (2 kg) and Pseudomyces (2 kg) per hectare can be mixed with 50 kg of compost in the shade and watered in the morning and evening and then applied to the field. Pseudomonas aeruginosa Pseudomonas aeruginosa can be applied at the rate of 2 kg / acre.

Higher yields can be obtained by following the above methods to control nematode infestation.

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