Types and benefits of intercrop

 What about Intercropping

Intercropping is the name given to the method of cultivating the area between the primary crop as a short-term crop in agriculture. Intercropping is a short-term income-generating strategy. Intercropping does not impair the yield of the crop except in addition to the main crop.

Types of intercrops:

1. Mixed crop

2. fence crop

3. Row crop

4. Drain crop

1. Mixed crop

An intercrop is a hybrid crop if it yields exactly the same number and age without being too low.

 For example, castor bean, corn bean

2. Fence crop

A crop that stands as a fence and bulwark around individual crops and helps to prevent and guard the wind is called a weed crop. For example sourdough around cotton, whip around the garden.

3. Row crop

The crop that grows in the boundaries around the crop is called the range crop. Thus the beneficial pests will increase. The harmful pests will decrease. Examples of paddy are black gram, black gram, green gram, and onion.

4. Drain crop

A drain crop is a name given to a crop grown in rows along the banks of a canal. Example Sunflower in peanut drain, Agathi in chili drain.

What the intercrop should look like.

The age of the intercrop should be less than that of the main crop. Intercropping should not take away the amount of water, fertilizer, and sunlight supplied to the main crop. Do not compete with the main crop. Intercropping should not reduce the total number or yield potential of the main crop. Instead, the yield should be increased. Intercropping should not cause pests and diseases to the main crop. Intercropping is very good if it can control pests and diseases. The crop should be suitable for their soil fertility and respective image. Mainly it should be a good selling and high-yielding crop in the area Intercropping controls the growth of weeds and saves on wedding costs. Must be a high-yielding variety. It is best to have a maximum of foliage that can be used as green manure to regulate soil fertility after harvest. Beneficial bacteria that increase soil fertility can select legumes that promote microbial growth.

Intercropping selection

Intercropping should be done according to the area under general cultivation, season, and soil type. It should be a short-duration crop. Must be fast-growing and short. Must have low water requirement. Must be a high-yielding variety. Beneficial bacteria that increase soil fertility can select legumes that promote microbial growth.

Intercropping harvest

Intercrops should be harvested when complete. Short-term crops can be sown and easily harvested. Intercropping controls the growth of weeds and saves on wedding costs. Not only that, you can double the profit at the same time, and you can harvest the intercrop at the right time and sell it for more profit.

Benefits of intercropping

If the intercrop had gone without one the next job for most farmers would have been gone. This intercrop is the hope of the farmers who have been cultivating the crop for thousands of years due to drought, shortage of manpower, disease, and infertility. Thus weeds are reduced. Intercropping gives extra income in less space. Flat lentils should be sown at about one-third of the height from the field level to the edge of the ridge. This flat crop produces aphids that do not affect the rice crop. This will attract a lot of traps. These caterpillars control the various sucking insects that attack the rice crop. Growing groundnut castor plants at the field margins at the rate of one plant per 2 m can attract and destroy Proteinia worms. Adding 250 gms of rye to groundnut as a mixed crop can control the damage of groundnut borer, leafhopper, and moth. Increase the number of traps by cultivating 10 rows of groundnut per row. In areas where red caterpillar infestation is prevalent, one row of flat crops per 5 rows of groundnut can be intercropped. intercropping of maize with sorghum and alfalfa can control the number of aphids and nematodes.

Growing maize on the margins of cotton can prevent the spread of aphids, parasites, whiteflies, moths, etc. to the cotton plant as the larvae are more productive in the maize crop. Cultivation of sunflower with cotton at the rate of 2.2 reduces the damage of green moth infestation on cotton. It is better to avoid cultivating weeds belonging to the cotton family near the cotton. Intercropping of green cotton, black gram, soybean, and castor can reduce the incidence of pests on cotton and prevent damage. Sowing beans with maize in the ratio of 4: 1 can reduce the damage of maize worm and sowing rye with groundnut in the ratio of 6: 1 can reduce the damage of cocoon. Sugarcane stalk borer can be controlled by intercropping of garlic. Protein worms can be controlled by intercropping castor on maize. Intercropping of maize can control the number of seed fly and stem borers. Damage to tobacco cutworms is controlled by intercropping castor in the tobacco crop. Trees like Neem, Sita, and Naxvamika can be planted in the range to control the pests in the crop. Aloe vera, mustard, and castor can be grown around the crop to repel pests. To control termites, weeds, twigs, steel, and wildflowers can be grown in the field. To control the nematodes that attack the onion, castor can be cultivated as an attractive crop in the margins and the piles and young larvae found in it can be collected and destroyed. When mustard is grown with vegetable crops such as cabbage and cauliflower, the mustard acts as an attractive crop and controls the number of diamond vertebrate pests. Intercropping of tomatoes with cabbage can control the diamond vertebrate moth and leaf miner. Mixed crops and intercrops should be planted twenty to thirty days in advance. Thus mixed cropping and intercropping can control crop pests naturally, increase crop yields, reduce the use of pesticides and preserve the environment and health.

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